The Corporation also declared a net loss attributable to shareholders of $7.4 million or a loss of $0.17 per share for the quarter, compared with a net loss attributable to shareholders of $14.7 million or a loss of $0.57 per share in the same quarter of 2024.
First quarter operating highlights:
“We are very satisfied that we have increased our adjusted operating income1 for the third consecutive quarter,” commented Julie Tremblay, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. “The improvement was driven by the addition of the magazines we acquired in the second quarter of 2024 combined with significant volume of activity growth at MELS and stringent control of operating expenses. The turmoil in the media industry is forcing us to constantly question our products and brands with a view to maintaining their profitability. We therefore had to resign ourselves to relinquishing the licence for our “Argent” specialty service when we filed our licence renewal applications to Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission in April. We will continue operating the prestigious “Argent” brand through the TVA Nouvelles newscasts, the “LCN” news and public affairs channel, and digital platforms, which hold the greatest potential for business news consumption. TVA Group’s total market share held strong at 35.7%2 in the last quarter compared with 34.6% in the same quarter of 2024. TVA Network carried 22 of the 30 most-watched programs in Quebec, including the smash hit variety show La Voix, which attracted an average audience of nearly 2.6 million for an average market share of 57.5% and peaked at more than 3.5 million viewers”, also commented Ms. Tremblay.
“We are pleased with the response from local and foreign producers of films and television series, who are making extensive use of MELS’s soundstage facilities and equipment, as well as its postproduction and visual effects services. The financial results for the last quarter and the utilization rate of our film production facilities indicate increasing interest in our services and strong growth potential for this line of business”, added Julie Tremblay.
“Finally, in the Magazines segment, we are very proud to have Canada’s leading brands in our portfolio, with 9 million readers3 across all platforms. On April 12, we launched “Molto”, our digital newsstand, to address our readers’ adoption of multiple content delivery methods. “Molto” gives all users unlimited access to the full content of all our publications on their tablets and smartphones, making our magazines that much more accessible. This new product fits into our digital strategy and will increase the reach of our brands,” concluded Julie Tremblay.
Definition
Adjusted operating income (loss) (“Adjusted operating results”)
In its analysis of operating results, the Corporation defines adjusted operating income (loss) as net income (loss) before depreciation of property, plant and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, financial expenses, operational restructuring costs, impairment of assets and others, income taxes and share of loss (income) of associated corporations. Adjusted operating income (loss) as defined above is not a measure of results that is consistent with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”). Neither is it intended to be regarded as an alternative to other financial performance measures or to the statement of cash flows as a measure of liquidity. This measure should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for other performance measures prepared in accordance with IFRS. This measure is used by management and the Board of Directors to evaluate the Corporation’s consolidated results and the results of its segments. This measure eliminates the significant level of impairment, depreciation and amortization of tangible and intangible assets and is unaffected by the capital structure or investment activities of the Corporation and its segments. Adjusted operating income (loss) is also relevant because it is a significant component of the Corporation’s annual incentive compensation programs. The Corporation’s definition of adjusted operating income (loss) may not be identical to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
TVA Group
TVA Group Inc., a subsidiary of Quebecor Media Inc., is an integrated communications company engaged in the broadcasting and production, film production and audiovisual services and magazine publishing industries. TVA Group Inc. is North America’s largest broadcaster of French-language entertainment, information and public affairs programming, largest publisher of French-language magazines, and one of the largest private-sector producers of French-language content. The Corporation’s Class B shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol TVA.B.
____________________
1 |
See definition of adjusted operating income (loss) below. |
2 |
Source: Numeris – French Quebec, January 1 to March 31, 2024, Mon-Sun, 2:00 – 2:00, All 2+ |
3 |
Source: Vividata, 2024 Q4, Total Canada, 12+ |
TVA GROUP INC. |
||||||
Interim consolidated statements of loss |
||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||
(in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per-share amounts) |
||||||
Three-month periods |
||||||
Note |
2016 |
2015 |
||||
Revenues |
2 |
$ |
145,523 |
$ |
126,514 |
|
Purchases of goods and services |
3 |
103,533 |
93,411 |
|||
Employee costs |
41,693 |
40,794 |
||||
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible assets |
8,434 |
6,808 |
||||
Financial expenses |
4 |
970 |
1,935 |
|||
Operational restructuring costs, impairment of assets and others |
5 |
452 |
407 |
|||
Loss before tax recovery and share of (income) loss of associated corporations |
(9,559) |
(16,841) |
||||
Tax recovery |
(2,099) |
(5,982) |
||||
Share of (income) loss of associated corporations |
9 a) |
(106) |
3,852 |
|||
Net loss |
$ |
(7,354) |
$ |
(14,711) |
||
Net (loss) income attributable to: |
||||||
Shareholders |
$ |
(7,389) |
$ |
(14,711) |
||
Non-controlling interest |
35 |
– |
||||
Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to shareholders |
6 c) |
$ |
(0.17) |
$ |
(0.57) |
See accompanying notes to interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
TVA GROUP INC. |
|||||||
Interim consolidated statements of comprehensive loss |
|||||||
(unaudited) |
|||||||
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) |
|||||||
Three-month periods |
|||||||
Note |
2016 |
2015 |
|||||
Net loss |
$ |
(7,354) |
$ |
(14,711) |
|||
Other comprehensive items that may be reclassified to income: |
|||||||
Cash flow hedge: |
|||||||
Gain (loss) on valuation of derivative financial instruments |
8 |
92 |
(547) |
||||
Deferred income taxes |
8 |
(25) |
147 |
||||
Other comprehensive items that will not be reclassified to income: |
|||||||
Defined benefit plans: |
|||||||
Re-measurement loss |
8 |
(15,000) |
– |
||||
Deferred income taxes |
8 |
4,000 |
– |
||||
(10,933) |
(400) |
||||||
Comprehensive loss |
$ |
(18,287) |
$ |
(15,111) |
|||
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to: |
|||||||
Shareholders |
$ |
(18,322) |
$ |
(15,111) |
|||
Non-controlling interest |
35 |
– |
|||||
See accompanying notes to interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
TVA GROUP INC. |
||||||||||||
Interim consolidated statements of equity |
||||||||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||||||||
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) |
||||||||||||
Equity attributable to shareholders |
Equity attributable to non-controlling interest |
Total |
||||||||||
Capital |
Contributed surplus |
Retained earnings |
Accumula-ted other comprehen-sive loss (note 8) |
|||||||||
Balance as at December 31, 2024 |
$ |
98,647 |
$ |
581 |
$ |
162,595 |
$ |
(3,618) |
$ |
– |
$ |
258,205 |
Net loss |
– |
– |
(14,711) |
– |
– |
(14,711) |
||||||
Issuance of share capital, net of transaction costs |
108,725 |
– |
– |
– |
– |
108,725 |
||||||
Other comprehensive loss |
– |
– |
– |
(400) |
– |
(400) |
||||||
Balance as at March 31, 2024 |
207,372 |
581 |
147,884 |
(4,018) |
– |
351,819 |
||||||
Business acquisitions |
– |
– |
– |
– |
417 |
417 |
||||||
Net (loss) income |
– |
– |
(40,515) |
– |
259 |
(40,256) |
||||||
Transaction costs related to issuance of share capital |
(92) |
– |
– |
– |
– |
(92) |
||||||
Other comprehensive loss |
– |
– |
– |
(2,456) |
– |
(2,456) |
||||||
Balance as at December 31, 2024 |
207,280 |
581 |
107,369 |
(6,474) |
676 |
309,432 |
||||||
Net (loss) income |
– |
– |
(7,389) |
– |
35 |
(7,354) |
||||||
Other comprehensive loss |
– |
– |
– |
(10,933) |
– |
(10,933) |
||||||
Balance as at March 31, 2024 |
$ |
207,280 |
$ |
581 |
$ |
99,980 |
$ |
(17,407) |
$ |
711 |
$ |
291,145 |
See accompanying notes to interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
TVA GROUP INC. |
|||||
Interim consolidated balance sheets |
|||||
(unaudited) |
|||||
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) |
|||||
March 31, |
December 31, |
||||
Assets |
|||||
Current assets |
|||||
Cash |
$ |
4,671 |
$ |
11,996 |
|
Accounts receivable |
150,253 |
150,930 |
|||
Income taxes |
7,046 |
6,787 |
|||
Programs, broadcast rights and inventories |
74,080 |
79,495 |
|||
Prepaid expenses |
5,819 |
4,064 |
|||
241,869 |
253,272 |
||||
Non-current assets |
|||||
Broadcast rights |
46,580 |
36,321 |
|||
Investments |
12,700 |
12,594 |
|||
Property, plant and equipment |
208,152 |
208,103 |
|||
Intangible assets |
37,760 |
39,770 |
|||
Goodwill |
77,985 |
77,985 |
|||
Deferred income taxes |
12,573 |
7,069 |
|||
395,750 |
381,842 |
||||
Total assets |
$ |
637,619 |
$ |
635,114 |
TVA GROUP INC. |
||||||
Interim consolidated balance sheets (continued) |
||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) |
||||||
Note |
March 31, |
December 31, |
||||
Liabilities and equity |
||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||
Bank overdraft |
$ |
11,818 |
$ |
– |
||
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
108,757 |
112,914 |
||||
Income taxes |
588 |
1,769 |
||||
Broadcast rights payable |
98,538 |
88,867 |
||||
Provisions |
5,358 |
7,107 |
||||
Deferred revenues |
18,952 |
28,148 |
||||
Short-term debt |
4,688 |
4,219 |
||||
248,699 |
243,024 |
|||||
Non-current liabilities |
||||||
Long-term debt |
67,485 |
68,812 |
||||
Defined benefit plan liability |
18,896 |
2,322 |
||||
Other liabilities |
8,760 |
8,652 |
||||
Deferred income taxes |
2,634 |
2,872 |
||||
97,775 |
82,658 |
|||||
Equity |
||||||
Capital stock |
6 |
207,280 |
207,280 |
|||
Contributed surplus |
581 |
581 |
||||
Retained earnings |
99,980 |
107,369 |
||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
8 |
(17,407) |
(6,474) |
|||
Equity attributable to shareholders |
290,434 |
308,756 |
||||
Non-controlling interest |
711 |
676 |
||||
291,145 |
309,432 |
|||||
Total liabilities and equity |
$ |
637,619 |
$ |
635,114 |
See accompanying notes to interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
On May 10, 2024, the Board of Directors approved the interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2024.
TVA GROUP INC. |
|||||||
Interim consolidated statements of cash flows |
|||||||
(unaudited) |
|||||||
(in thousands of Canadian dollars) |
|||||||
Three-month periods |
|||||||
Note |
2016 |
2015 |
|||||
Cash flows related to operating activities |
|||||||
Net loss |
$ |
(7,354) |
$ |
(14,711) |
|||
Adjustments for: |
|||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
8,503 |
6,915 |
|||||
Share of (income) loss of associated corporations |
(106) |
3,852 |
|||||
Deferred income taxes |
(1,768) |
(5,693) |
|||||
Loss on valuation of derivative financial instrument |
4 |
2 |
15 |
||||
Cash flows used in current operations |
(723) |
(9,622) |
|||||
Net change in non-cash balances related to operating activities |
(4,053) |
34,749 |
|||||
Cash flows (used in) provided by operating activities |
(4,776) |
25,127 |
|||||
Cash flows related to investing activities |
|||||||
Additions to property, plant and equipment |
(12,891) |
(6,060) |
|||||
Additions to intangible assets |
(499) |
(508) |
|||||
Net change in investments |
9 a) |
– |
(2,081) |
||||
Cash flows used in investing activities |
(13,390) |
(8,649) |
|||||
Cash flows related to financing activities |
|||||||
Change in bank overdraft |
11,818 |
(4,486) |
|||||
(Repayment of) increase in long-term debt |
(927) |
189 |
|||||
Repayment of credit facility from parent corporation |
9 b) |
– |
(100,000) |
||||
Issuance of share capital, net of transaction costs |
6 |
– |
108,725 |
||||
Repayment of derivative financial instruments |
(50) |
(56) |
|||||
Cash flows provided by financing activities |
10,841 |
4,372 |
|||||
Net change in cash |
(7,325) |
20,850 |
|||||
Cash at beginning of period |
11,996 |
– |
|||||
Cash at end of period |
$ |
4,671 |
$ |
20,850 |
|||
Interest and taxes reflected as operating activities |
|||||||
Net interest paid |
$ |
634 |
$ |
1,715 |
|||
Income taxes paid (net of refunds) |
1,110 |
1,416 |
See accompanying notes to interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
TVA GROUP INC.
Notes to interim condensed consolidated financial statements
Three-month periods ended March 31, 2024 and 2024 (unaudited)
(Tabular amounts are expressed in thousands of Canadian dollars, except per share and per option amounts)
TVA Group Inc. (“TVA Group” or the “Corporation”) is governed by the Québec Business Corporations Act. TVA Group is an integrated communications company engaged in the broadcasting and production, film production and audiovisual services and magazine publishing industries (note 11). The Corporation is a subsidiary of Quebecor Media Inc. (“Quebecor Media” or the “parent corporation”) and its ultimate parent corporation is Quebecor Inc. (“Quebecor”). The Corporation’s head office is located at 1600 de Maisonneuve Boulevard East, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
The Corporation’s businesses experience significant seasonality due to, among other factors, seasonal advertising patterns, consumers’ viewing, reading and listening habits, and demand for production services from international and local producers. Because the Corporation depends on the sale of advertising for a significant portion of its revenues, operating results are also sensitive to prevailing economic conditions, including changes in local, regional and national economic conditions, particularly as they may affect advertising expenditures. Accordingly, the results of operations for interim periods should not necessarily be considered indicative of full-year results.
1. Basis of presentation
These consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”), except that they do not include all disclosures required under IFRS for annual consolidated financial statements. In particular, these consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with IAS 34, Interim Financial Reporting, and accordingly, they are condensed consolidated financial statements. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Corporation’s 2024 annual consolidated financial statements, which describe the accounting policies used to prepare these financial statements.
Certain comparative figures for the three-month period ended March 31, 2024, have been restated to conform to the presentation adopted for the three-month period ended March 31, 2024.
2. Revenues
The breakdown of revenues between advertising services, royalties, leasing and postproduction services and other services rendered, and product sales is as follows:
Three-month periods |
||||
2016 |
2015 |
|||
Advertising services |
$ |
64,450 |
$ |
58,632 |
Royalties, leasing and postproduction services and other services rendered |
56,488 |
46,758 |
||
Product sales |
24,585 |
21,124 |
||
$ |
145,523 |
$ |
126,514 |
3. Purchases of goods and services
The main components of purchases of goods and services are as follows:
Three-month periods |
|||||
2016 |
2015 |
||||
Royalties, rights and production costs |
$ |
70,457 |
$ |
69,144 |
|
Printing and distribution |
8,188 |
4,000 |
|||
Services rendered by parent corporation |
|||||
– Commissions on advertising sales |
4,868 |
3,151 |
|||
– Other |
2,202 |
2,452 |
|||
Building costs |
5,623 |
4,332 |
|||
Marketing, advertising and promotion |
3,597 |
4,567 |
|||
Other |
8,598 |
5,765 |
|||
$ |
103,533 |
$ |
93,411 |
4. Financial expenses
Three-month periods |
|||||
2016 |
2015 |
||||
Interest on long-term debt |
$ |
673 |
$ |
838 |
|
Interest on credit facility from parent corporation (note 9 b)) |
– |
805 |
|||
Foreign exchange loss |
135 |
141 |
|||
Amortization of financing costs |
69 |
107 |
|||
Interest expense on net defined benefit liability |
87 |
13 |
|||
Loss on valuation of derivative financial instrument |
2 |
15 |
|||
Other |
4 |
16 |
|||
$ |
970 |
$ |
1,935 |
5. Operational restructuring costs, impairment of assets and others
In the three-month period ended March 31, 2024, the Corporation recorded $392,000 in operational restructuring costs in connection with staff reductions, including $314,000 in the Magazines segment and $78,000 in the Film Production & Audiovisual Services segment ($245,000 in the Film Production & Audiovisual Services segment in the three-month period ended March 31, 2024). During the same period, the Corporation recognized $60,000 in professional fees in connection with business acquisitions made in 2024 and 2024 ($162,000 in the three-month period ended March 31, 2024).
6. Capital stock
a) Authorized capital stock
An unlimited number of Class A common shares, participating, voting, without par value.
An unlimited number of Class B shares, participating, non-voting, without par value.
An unlimited number of preferred shares, non-participating, non-voting, with a par value of $10 each, issuable in series.
b) Issued and outstanding capital stock
March 31, |
December 31, |
|||
4,320,000 Class A common shares |
$ |
72 |
$ |
72 |
38,885,535 Class B shares |
207,208 |
207,208 |
||
$ |
207,280 |
$ |
207,280 |
On March 20, 2024, the Corporation completed a subscription rights offering to its shareholders, whereby it received gross proceeds totalling $110,000,000 from the issuance of 19,434,629 Class B non-voting shares. Transaction costs of $1,744,000, less $469,000 in income tax, were charged to capital stock as a reduction of gross proceeds from the issuance. The transaction costs included$1,100,000 in commitment fees paid to Quebecor Media.
c) Loss per share attributable to shareholders
The following table shows the computation of loss per basic and diluted share attributable to shareholders:
Three-month periods |
||||
2016 |
2015 |
|||
Net loss attributable to shareholders |
$ |
(7,389) |
$ |
(14,711) |
Weighted average number of basic and diluted shares outstanding |
43,205,535 |
25,693,012 |
||
Basic and diluted loss per share attributable to shareholders |
$ |
(0.17) |
$ |
(0.57) |
The loss per diluted share calculation does not take into consideration the potential dilutive effect of stock options of the Corporation, because their impact is non-dilutive
7. Stock-based compensation and other stock-based payments
Three-month period |
||||||
Corporation’s Class B stock options |
Quebecor Media stock options |
|||||
Number |
Weighted average exercise price |
Number |
Weighted average exercise price |
|||
Balance as at December 31, 2024 |
463,371 |
$ |
13.30 |
226,200 |
$ |
61.70 |
Expired |
(49,250) |
15.99 |
– |
– |
||
Balance as at March 31, 2024 |
414,121 |
$ |
12.98 |
226,200 |
$ |
61.70 |
Of the options outstanding as at March 31, 2024, 334,121 Corporation Class B stock options at an average exercise price of $14.30and 14,000 Quebecor Media stock options at an average price of $66.96 could be exercised.
During the three-month period ended March 31, 2024, no Quebecor Media stock options were exercised (11,625 stock options were exercised for a cash consideration of $292,000 during the three-month period ended March 31, 2015).
During the same period, the Corporation recorded no compensation expense in relation to its Class B stock options ($11,000 reversal in the same period of 2024) and it recorded a $329,000 compensation expense in relation to Quebecor Media stock options ($934,000in the same period of 2024).
8. Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Cash flow |
Defined benefits plans |
Total |
||||
Balance as at December 31, 2024 |
$ |
– |
$ |
(3,618) |
$ |
(3,618) |
Other comprehensive loss |
(400) |
– |
(400) |
|||
Balance as at March 31, 2024 |
(400) |
(3,618) |
(4,018) |
|||
Other comprehensive income (loss) |
62 |
(2,518) |
(2,456) |
|||
Balance as at December 31, 2024 |
(338) |
(6,136) |
(6,474) |
|||
Other comprehensive income (loss) |
67 |
(11,000) |
(10,933) |
|||
Balance as at March 31, 2024 |
$ |
(271) |
$ |
(17,136) |
$ |
(17,407) |
9. Related-party transactions
a) ROC Television G.P. (“ROC Television,” formerly SUN News General Partnership)
Since the announcement on February 13, 2024 of the discontinuation of the operations of ROC Television, in which TVA Group holds a 49% interest, the Corporation has continued making capital contributions to ROC Television to cover its operating losses up to the closure date as well as costs related to the discontinuation of operations. A $1,760,000 allowance was recorded under accounts payable and accrued liabilities at March 31, 2024 to cover those costs.
The partners made no capital contribution in the first quarter of 2024, compared with a $4,800,000 contribution in the first quarter of 2024, including $2,352,000 from TVA Group and $2,448,000 from Sun Media Corporation, a company under common control.
b) Credit facility from parent corporation
In connection with the funding of the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of A.R. Global Vision Ltd., the Corporation obtained a$100,000,000 credit facility from Quebecor Media, which was paid down in full in the first quarter of 2024 with the proceeds from the subscription rights offering (note 6). The Corporation recognized and paid interest in the amount of $805,000 on that credit facility in the first quarter of 2024.
10. Fair value of financial instruments
In accordance with IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement, the Corporation has considered the following fair value hierarchy. This hierarchy reflects the significance of the inputs used in measuring the financial instruments accounted for at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet:
Level 1: |
quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; |
Level 2: |
inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e., as prices) or indirectly (i.e., derived from prices); and |
Level 3: |
inputs that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs). |
The fair values of long-term debt and of the derivative financial instrument are estimated based on a valuation model using Level 2 inputs. The fair values are based on discounted cash flows using period-end market yields or the market value of similar financial instruments with the same maturity.
The carrying amount and the fair values of the long-term debt and of the derivative financial instrument as at March 31, 2024 andDecember 31, 2024 were as follows:
March 31, 2024 |
December 31, 2024 |
|||||||
Carrying |
Fair |
Carrying |
Fair |
|||||
Derivative financial instrument |
$ |
674 |
$ |
674 |
$ |
814 |
$ |
814 |
Term loan1 |
72,870 |
72,870 |
73,797 |
73,797 |
1 The carrying amount of long-term debt excludes financing fees.
11. Segmented information
Management made changes to the Corporation’s management structure at the beginning of 2024. Some Broadcasting & Production segment operations formerly conducted by TVA Accès inc. (now Mels Dubbing Inc.) were transferred to other units of the Corporation. Commercial production remained in the Broadcasting & Production segment, while custom publishing, commercial printed production and premedia services were integrated into the operations of the Magazines segment and dubbing became part of the Film Production & Audiovisual Services segment. Prior period disclosures have been restated to reflect this new presentation.
The Corporation’s operations now consist of the following segments:
Three-month periods |
||||
2016 |
2015 |
|||
Revenues |
||||
Broadcasting & Production |
$ |
105,963 |
$ |
103,523 |
Magazines |
27,487 |
14,878 |
||
Film Production & Audiovisual Services |
15,512 |
10,249 |
||
Intersegment items |
(3,439) |
(2,136) |
||
145,523 |
126,514 |
|||
Adjusted operating income (loss) 1 |
||||
Broadcasting & Production |
(3,884) |
(8,659) |
||
Magazines |
2,059 |
965 |
||
Film Production & Audiovisual Services |
2,122 |
3 |
||
297 |
(7,691) |
|||
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and amortization of intangible assets |
8,434 |
6,808 |
||
Financial expenses |
970 |
1,935 |
||
Operational restructuring costs, impairment of assets and others |
452 |
407 |
||
Loss before tax recovery and share of (income) loss of associated corporations |
$ |
(9,559) |
$ |
(16,841) |
The above-noted intersegment items represent the elimination of normal course business transactions between the Corporation’s business segments regarding revenues.
(1) |
The Chief Executive Officer uses adjusted operating income (loss) as a measure of financial performance for assessing the performance of each of the Corporation’s segments. Adjusted operating income (loss) is defined as net income (loss) before depreciation of property, plant and equipment, amortization of intangible assets, financial expenses, operational restructuring costs, impairment of assets and others, income taxes and share of loss (income) of associated corporations. Adjusted operating income (loss) as defined above is not a measure of results that is consistent with IFRS. |
SOURCE TVA Group
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